1. What is Stroke Volume?

Stroke Volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction. It is a key determinant of cardiac output and an important measure of cardiovascular function.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the fundamental equation:

Where:

• \( SV \) — Stroke Volume (mL)
• \( EDV \) — End-Diastolic Volume (mL)
• \( ESV \) — End-Systolic Volume (mL)

Explanation: Stroke volume is calculated by subtracting the volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction (ESV) from the volume present at the end of filling (EDV).

3. Importance of Stroke Volume Calculation

Details: Stroke volume is crucial for assessing cardiac function, determining cardiac output (CO = HR × SV), and evaluating the effectiveness of the heart as a pump. It's used in diagnosing and monitoring various cardiovascular conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter EDV and ESV in milliliters (mL). Both values must be positive numbers, and EDV should be greater than ESV for a valid calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are normal stroke volume values?
A: In a healthy adult at rest, normal stroke volume is typically 60-100 mL per beat.

Q2: How does stroke volume relate to cardiac output?
A: Cardiac output (CO) is the product of heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (CO = HR × SV). It represents the total volume of blood pumped per minute.

Q3: What factors affect stroke volume?
A: Stroke volume is influenced by preload (ventricular filling), afterload (resistance to ejection), and myocardial contractility.

Q4: How is EDV and ESV measured clinically?
A: These volumes are typically measured using echocardiography, cardiac MRI, or ventricular angiography.

Q5: What conditions affect stroke volume?
A: Conditions like heart failure, valvular disease, and cardiomyopathy can significantly alter stroke volume.