1. What are pH and pOH?

pH and pOH are measures of the acidity and basicity of aqueous solutions. pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration, while pOH is the negative logarithm of hydroxide ion concentration. They are related by the equation: pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following equations:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (M)
• \( [OH^-] \) — Hydroxide ion concentration (M)
• pH — Measure of acidity (0-14 scale)
• pOH — Measure of basicity (0-14 scale)

Explanation: For strong acids, pH = -log(concentration). For strong bases, pOH = -log(concentration), then pH = 14 - pOH.

3. Importance of pH/pOH Calculation

Details: pH measurements are crucial in chemistry, biology, medicine, and environmental science. They affect chemical reactions, biological processes, and water quality.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter concentration in molarity (M), select whether it's a strong acid or strong base. The calculator will compute both pH and pOH values.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the pH of pure water?
A: Pure water at 25°C has pH = 7 (neutral), with equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions (1×10⁻⁷ M each).

Q2: How does temperature affect pH?
A: The pH of neutral water changes with temperature (pH 7.47 at 0°C, 6.14 at 100°C) due to changes in water's autoionization constant.

Q3: What's the pH range of common substances?
A: Battery acid (0), lemon juice (2), coffee (5), milk (6.5), blood (7.4), baking soda (9), bleach (13).

Q4: Can this calculator be used for weak acids/bases?
A: No, this calculator is only for strong acids and bases that completely dissociate in water.

Q5: What's the relationship between pH and pOH?
A: They always sum to 14 in aqueous solutions at 25°C: pH + pOH = 14.