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Flow Rate Equation:
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The flow rate equation calculates the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through a pipe or channel based on the pressure difference, fluid density, and cross-sectional area. It's derived from Bernoulli's principle and is fundamental in fluid dynamics.
The calculator uses the flow rate equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation shows that flow rate increases with higher pressure difference and larger area, but decreases with higher fluid density.
Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is essential for designing piping systems, HVAC systems, hydraulic systems, and many industrial processes involving fluid transport.
Tips: Enter pressure difference in Pascals, density in kg/m³, and area in m². All values must be positive numbers. For circular pipes, area = π × (radius)².
Q1: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: The calculator uses SI units: Pascals for pressure, kg/m³ for density, and m² for area. Convert your measurements to these units before input.
Q2: Does this equation work for all fluids?
A: This simplified equation works best for incompressible fluids (like water) under steady flow conditions. For compressible fluids (like gases), more complex equations are needed.
Q3: How does pipe roughness affect the calculation?
A: This basic equation doesn't account for friction losses from pipe roughness. For more accurate results in real-world applications, additional factors like the Darcy-Weisbach equation should be considered.
Q4: What's the difference between volumetric and mass flow rate?
A: Volumetric flow rate (Q) is in m³/s, while mass flow rate is Q × ρ (kg/s). This calculator gives volumetric flow rate.
Q5: Can I use this for water flow in pipes?
A: Yes, for simple estimations, but for precise engineering calculations, consider pipe friction and other losses using more comprehensive equations.