1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula C2 = C1 × (V1 / V2) calculates the concentration of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution, while the volume changes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (mol/L or g/L)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (liters)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution (liters)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration after dilution (mol/L or g/L)

Explanation: The formula maintains that the moles (or mass) of solute before and after dilution remain constant (C1V1 = C2V2).

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry labs, pharmaceutical preparations, and biological assays to achieve desired concentrations for experiments and applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in consistent units (concentration in mol/L or g/L, volumes in liters). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, as long as V1 and V2 use the same units (both in mL or both in liters). The calculator currently expects liters.

Q2: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: That would represent concentration, not dilution. This calculator is for dilution only (V2 > V1).

Q3: Can I use g/L instead of mol/L?
A: Yes, the formula works with any concentration unit as long as C1 and C2 use the same units.

Q4: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For laboratory work, use at least 3-4 significant figures in your measurements for accurate results.

Q5: What about serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, apply the formula sequentially for each dilution step.